J. Phys. B 34, 2245 (2001)
Jaroslaw Bauer, Lukasz Plucinski, Bernard Piraux, Robert Potvliege, Mariusz Gajda and Jacek Krzywinski
We study the ionization of hydrogen atoms by an intense pulsed beam of photons with energies of 17 or 50 eV. The work is motivated by the demonstration of the free-electron laser (FEL) action at the DESY Laboratory. The parameters chosen for the incident field are in the regime accessible by the FEL. Ionization yields are obtained within three different approaches, namely the strong-field approximation, the Floquet method and a numerical solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. A marked stabilization effect for 50 eV photons is shown.
Nov 9, 2000
On coherence of Bose fields
Mariusz Gajda, Magdalena Zaluska-Kotur, and Jan Mostowski
We study a system of interacting bosons at zero temperature in an atomic trap. Using wave function that models the ground state of interacting bosons we examine the concepts of the order parameter, off-diagonal order and coherence of the system. We suggest that the coherence length becomes much smaller than the size of the system if the number of trapped particles exceeds a certain limit. This behavior is related to the unavoidable existence of two different length scales -- one determined by the external potential and the second one depending on the two-body forces.
Opt. Express 8, 106 (2001)
We study a system of interacting bosons at zero temperature in an atomic trap. Using wave function that models the ground state of interacting bosons we examine the concepts of the order parameter, off-diagonal order and coherence of the system. We suggest that the coherence length becomes much smaller than the size of the system if the number of trapped particles exceeds a certain limit. This behavior is related to the unavoidable existence of two different length scales -- one determined by the external potential and the second one depending on the two-body forces.
Opt. Express 8, 106 (2001)
Oct 5, 2000
Correlations in financial time series: established versus emerging markets
Eur. Phys. J. B 20, 527 (2001)
M. Beben and A. Orłowski
Long-time correlations in both well-developed and emerging market indexes are studied. The Hurst exponent as well as detrended fluctuations analysis (DFA) are used as technical tools. Some features that seem to be specific for developing markets are discovered and briefly discussed.
M. Beben and A. Orłowski
Long-time correlations in both well-developed and emerging market indexes are studied. The Hurst exponent as well as detrended fluctuations analysis (DFA) are used as technical tools. Some features that seem to be specific for developing markets are discovered and briefly discussed.
Jul 12, 2000
Squeezing of electromagnetic field in a cavity by electrons in Trojan states
Piotr Kochański, Zofia Bialynicka-Birula, and Iwo Bialynicki-Birula
The notion of the Trojan state of a Rydberg electron, introduced by I. Bialynicki-Birula, M. Kaliński, and J. H. Eberly [Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1777 (1994)] is extended to the case of an electromagnetic field quantized in a cavity. The shape of the electronic wave packet describing the Trojan state is practically the same as in the previously studied externally driven system. The fluctuations of the quantized electromagnetic field around its classical value exhibit strong squeezing. The emergence of Trojan states in the cylindrically symmetrical system is attributed to spontaneous symmetry breaking.
Phys. Rev. A 63, 013811 (2001)
The notion of the Trojan state of a Rydberg electron, introduced by I. Bialynicki-Birula, M. Kaliński, and J. H. Eberly [Phys. Rev. Lett. 73, 1777 (1994)] is extended to the case of an electromagnetic field quantized in a cavity. The shape of the electronic wave packet describing the Trojan state is practically the same as in the previously studied externally driven system. The fluctuations of the quantized electromagnetic field around its classical value exhibit strong squeezing. The emergence of Trojan states in the cylindrically symmetrical system is attributed to spontaneous symmetry breaking.
Phys. Rev. A 63, 013811 (2001)
Jun 10, 2000
May 30, 2000
Multimode Dynamics of a Coupled Ultracold Atomic-Molecular System
Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1397 (2001)
Krzysztof Góral, Mariusz Gajda, and Kazimierz Rzążewski
We analyze the coherent multimode dynamics of a system of coupled atomic and molecular Bose gases. Starting from an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate with a small thermal component, we observe a complete depletion of the atomic and molecular condensate modes on a short time scale due to a significant population of excited states. Giant coherent oscillations between the two condensates for typical parameters are almost completely suppressed. Our results cast serious doubts on the common use of the 2-mode model for the description of coupled ultracold atomic-molecular systems and should be considered when planning future experiments with ultracold molecules.
Krzysztof Góral, Mariusz Gajda, and Kazimierz Rzążewski
We analyze the coherent multimode dynamics of a system of coupled atomic and molecular Bose gases. Starting from an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate with a small thermal component, we observe a complete depletion of the atomic and molecular condensate modes on a short time scale due to a significant population of excited states. Giant coherent oscillations between the two condensates for typical parameters are almost completely suppressed. Our results cast serious doubts on the common use of the 2-mode model for the description of coupled ultracold atomic-molecular systems and should be considered when planning future experiments with ultracold molecules.
May 26, 2000
Cluster explosion in an intense laser pulse: Thomas-Fermi model
Physical Review A 63, 013203 (2001)
Marian Rusek, Herve Lagadec and Thomas Blenski
A refined three-dimensional version of the time-dependent Thomas-Fermi model is used to qualitatively study the explosion of rare-gas atomic clusters in an intense laser field. Clusters as large as 55 atoms are exposed to a strong subpicosecond laser pulse. A stepwise character of the explosion is observed in which atomic shells are expelled sequentially. The role of “hot” electron dynamics in the explosion process is also investigated via initial temperature effects. Contrary to previous opinions it seems that the so-called hydrodynamic explosion scenario is important for most energetic ions coming from the outermost shells only.
Marian Rusek, Herve Lagadec and Thomas Blenski
A refined three-dimensional version of the time-dependent Thomas-Fermi model is used to qualitatively study the explosion of rare-gas atomic clusters in an intense laser field. Clusters as large as 55 atoms are exposed to a strong subpicosecond laser pulse. A stepwise character of the explosion is observed in which atomic shells are expelled sequentially. The role of “hot” electron dynamics in the explosion process is also investigated via initial temperature effects. Contrary to previous opinions it seems that the so-called hydrodynamic explosion scenario is important for most energetic ions coming from the outermost shells only.
May 18, 2000
New concept of waveguide for inverse free electron laser accelerator
Władysław Żakowicz
A segmented waveguide formed by a periodic system of pairs of wedge prisms with a gap between them is proposed. The prisms are made of single-crystal sapphire for which the refraction index ν<1 for CO2 laser radiation (λ=10.6 μm). The attenuation of 0.1 db/m can be estimated for a 5 mm diameter radiation beam for which the Rayleigh distance is approximately 1 m. The gap between adjacent prisms can be useful in FEL-like applications.
Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. A 445, 313 (2000)
A segmented waveguide formed by a periodic system of pairs of wedge prisms with a gap between them is proposed. The prisms are made of single-crystal sapphire for which the refraction index ν<1 for CO2 laser radiation (λ=10.6 μm). The attenuation of 0.1 db/m can be estimated for a 5 mm diameter radiation beam for which the Rayleigh distance is approximately 1 m. The gap between adjacent prisms can be useful in FEL-like applications.
Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. A 445, 313 (2000)
Apr 24, 2000
Destruction of a Bose-Einstein condensate by strong interactions
Mariusz Gajda, Magdalena A Zaluska-Kotur and Jan Mostowski
We study an exactly solvable system of trapped bosonic particles interacting by model harmonic forces. The model allows for a detailed examination of the order parameter (condensate wavefunction) as well as a concept of the off-diagonal and diagonal order. We analyse the effect of interactions on the condensate and show that sufficiently strong interactions (attractive or repulsive) lead to the destruction of the condensate. In the thermodynamic limit this destruction has a critical character. It is shown that the existence of the coherent state of bosons is related to the existence of two length scales determined by one- and two-particle reduced density matrices. The condensate can exist only if the two length scales are of the same order. Interactions, both repulsive and attractive, change their relative size which may lead to destruction of coherence in the system and depletion of the condensate. We suggest that this scenario is model independent.
J. Phys. B 33, 4003 (2000)
We study an exactly solvable system of trapped bosonic particles interacting by model harmonic forces. The model allows for a detailed examination of the order parameter (condensate wavefunction) as well as a concept of the off-diagonal and diagonal order. We analyse the effect of interactions on the condensate and show that sufficiently strong interactions (attractive or repulsive) lead to the destruction of the condensate. In the thermodynamic limit this destruction has a critical character. It is shown that the existence of the coherent state of bosons is related to the existence of two length scales determined by one- and two-particle reduced density matrices. The condensate can exist only if the two length scales are of the same order. Interactions, both repulsive and attractive, change their relative size which may lead to destruction of coherence in the system and depletion of the condensate. We suggest that this scenario is model independent.
J. Phys. B 33, 4003 (2000)
Apr 13, 2000
Symmetries and modes of wave fields in inhomogeneous media
J. Phys. A 33, 4779 (2000)
Maciej Janowicz
In this paper the 2D Helmholtz equation with space-dependent dielectric permittivity and/or magnetic permeability is considered. The structure of the determining equations for the symmetry generator is analysed. It allows one to find many nontrivial spatial profiles of dielectric functions for which one can still separate variables in both the Helmholtz equation and corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi equation. For the case of the Dirichlet problem of the half-plane in an inhomogeneous medium the diffractive modes of the field are characterized. Several specific examples are provided.
Maciej Janowicz
In this paper the 2D Helmholtz equation with space-dependent dielectric permittivity and/or magnetic permeability is considered. The structure of the determining equations for the symmetry generator is analysed. It allows one to find many nontrivial spatial profiles of dielectric functions for which one can still separate variables in both the Helmholtz equation and corresponding Hamilton-Jacobi equation. For the case of the Dirichlet problem of the half-plane in an inhomogeneous medium the diffractive modes of the field are characterized. Several specific examples are provided.
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